Figure 51: Tṛṣṭāmā (Shyok River), Susartū (Shigar River), Rasā (Indus) and Śvetyā (Gilgit River)
Figure 52: The Suvāstu (Swat River) joining the Kubhā (Kabul) River. Gaurī (Panjkora) is the tributary of Suvāstu.
Figure 53: Śvetayāvarī (Śvetyā) the Gilgit River, a northern tributary of Sindhu
Figure 54: Aśmanvatī identified with the Kunar River in Afghanistan. Aśmavraja is a place name identifiable with the mountainous terrains of eastern Afghanistan.
Figure 55: Migration of the Ikṣvākus from the Ikṣvāku Homeland along the Ancestral Sarayu (Sarasvatī) to the eastern (Aitihāsic) Sarayū.
Figure 56: Ūrṇāvatī (Zanskar River) and Sīlamāvatī (Suru River) as the left bank tributaries of Sindhu (Vājinīvatī) in its upper course in the Ladakh province of India.
Figure 57: The emerging land and sea trade networks.
Figure 58: The Ṛgvedic Maṇḍala Chronology is aligned with the Early and Mature phases of the Harappan (SSC) civilization. Early Ṛgveda (Maṇḍalas: 6, 3 & 8) falls in the Early Harappan Phase. The Middle (4, 2) and Late Ṛgveda (5, 8, 9, 10) fall in the Mature Harappan Phase. The Late Harappan Phase is aligned with Kurukṣetra War and its aftermath.
Figure 59: The geographical span of PGW: South-West Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Punjab, North Rajasthan, Pakistan bordering Rajasthan; spread along the rivers the Yamuna, Sarasvatī (Ghaggar-Hakra), Sutlej, and Ganga.
Figure 60: OCP culture (2600-1700 BCE) growth snapshots at 1900 BCE and 1700 BCE
Figure 61: The Aitihāsic Kāśī-Kosala and Videha Region related to king Rāma of Rāmāyaṇa. The adjacent Janapadas like Kanyakubja, Cedi, Vatsa, Kāruṣa, Maladā, Malla, and Magadha are shown in the neighbourhood.
Figure 62: The Five-Peoples of the Ṛgveda and their probable settlements in the Middle and Late Ṛgvedic periods juxtaposed with the Sindhu Sarasvatī Civilization Mature Phase (2600 – 1900 BCE).The Ikṣvākus were already there in most of the places before the Five-Peoples reached these places.
Figure 63: The Aitihāsic Janapadas mentioned in the western frontier regions of Ṛgveda watered by the rivers Kubhā (Kabul), Suvāstu (Swat), and Gaurī (Panjkora) and Aśmanvatī (Kunar).
Figure 64: Yamuna-Sarasvatī Region
Figure 65: The south of the Yamunā Sarasvatī Region
Figure 66: The northwest of the Yamuna Sarasvatī Region
Figure 67:The northwestern Ṛgvedic Horizon containing Śaryaṇāvat, Mūjavat, Gandharva and Aśmavraja regions.
Figure 68:The northern Ṛgvedic Horizon contains the upper course of Sindhu and its tributaries there.
Figure 69: The southern Ṛgvedic Horizon
Figure 70: The migrations of the Manu-People, Ikṣvākus, and Aiḷas (specifically the Tṛtsu-Bharata branch of the Bharata branch of the Pūrus, one among the Five People constituting the Aiḷas).